Rhetorical situation, Genre, Audience. What do they all have in common? What makes them so important to writing? We go through each day using these whether we know it or not.
In Lloyd Bitzer’s “The Rhetorical Situation” we will learn more about rhetorical situation and what it actually means. We’re going to learn more about genre through Charles Bazerman’s “Speech Acts, Genres, and Activity Systems: How Texts Organize Activity and People.”
A rhetorical situation is the way a person persuades, informs, entertains, or educates an audience. It’s the setting of which you are trying to give your audience. When speaking, or writing, a person will generally try to pull you in and make you want to listen or read what they are trying to tell you.
Audience and rhetorical situation go together due to the fact that every rhetorical situation has to have an audience, or else its not a rhetorical situation. Lloyd Bitzer tells us “In any rhetorical situation there will be at least one controlling exigence which functions as the organizing principle: it specifies the audience to be addressed and the change to be
effected.”
Your audience is who you speak to. It is who you intend your story or writing to speak to. It’s who you want to understand what you’re saying. In definition, an audience is “the assembled spectators or listeners at a public event.” Just a group of people listening or watching something. For example, in Billy Collins’ commencement speech, his audience is a group of graduating students and their staff.
Genre is the type or writing or speaking a person is doing. It is a set up for what you are going to read about. If I were to tell you that the genre of a story is a mystery, you would then expect it to be about a murder or a crime that was committed and the main character(s) are trying to figure out how it happened or who did it. Charles Bazerman tells us that “Genres are only the types individuals recognize as being used by themselves and others. Genres are what we believe they are.”
A genre can be something we make a story to be. It can be something we come up with in order to give a piece of writing some emotion or feel.
Audience, genre, and rhetorical situation go together in many ways. An audience and a genre are needed for a rhetorical situation to occur. An audience is always needed for a story to even be told, whether that audience be people all over the world reading a book written by a famous author, or a group of friends hearing you talk about your day. Genre fits in with every day life, it can be a mood set for a situation or it could be a description of you day.
We can take these ideas of audience, genre, and rhetorical situation and apply them in our writing and our speaking. We can use genre to set the emotional scene of things, audience to figure out who exactly we want to be speaking to, and rhetorical situation to persuade and connect with our audience. We can change the way we speak and write by digging deeper into these terms.